1903 | June 25th Eric Arthur Blair born at Motihari, Bengal, India |
son of Richard Walmesley Blair and Ida Mabel Blair (née Limouzin) | |
1904 | Brought to England by mother, with family in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire |
1908–1916 | Goes to school at Sunnylands, Eastbourne, Sussex (till 1911) |
Then goes to boarding school at St. Cyprian’s Preparatory School, Eastbourne, Sussex | |
Family moved to Shiplake near Henley | |
1915 | The Blair family moved back to Henley-on-Thames |
Eric spent one term at Wellington College | |
Then till 1921 was at Eton College on a scholarship | |
1921 | Parents moved to Southwold, Suffolk |
1922 | Eric attended a “crammer” in Southwold (January-June) to prepare for India Office examinations |
1922-1927 | Assistant Superintendent of Police, Indian Imperial Police, Burma |
1927 | Resigned from the Imperial Police (January) |
Returned to Britain, passing (probably) through Paris | |
Lived for a while in North Kensington | |
1928 | Lived in Paris, writing, teaching, and later working as a dishwasher (“plongeur”) |
Published article La Censure en Angleterre on Censorship in England in Monde | |
1929 | Published other articles Monde (ed. H.Barbusse) |
And a series La Grande Misère de l’Ouvrier Britannique on unemployment, social issues in Progrès Civique, and others on tramping and begging and on British imperialism in Burma | |
Published ‘Hop-picking’ Diary (January 12th) | |
Hospitalised in Paris with pneumonia (February or March?) | |
December: after a year and three quarters in Paris, returned to England and went directly to his parents | |
1930-1931 | Went “tramping” in London and the Home Counties (around London) |
Wrote early version of Down and Out in Paris and London | |
Contributed essays to Adelphi magazine (including The Spike and The Hanging) under his own name | |
1932-1933 | Taught at the Hawthorns School, Hayes, Middlesex |
1933 | First book, Down and Out in Paris and London (Victor Gollancz), using for the first time the pseudonym “George Orwell” |
Taught at Frays College, Middlesex | |
Hospitalized with pneumonia | |
1934 | Gave up teaching. Stays at parents’ house in Southwold, Suffolk |
Burmese Days published in United States (October) | |
Moved to Hampstead, London (November) | |
1934-1935 | Worked as part-time assistant in shop Booklover’s Corner, Hampstead, London |
1935 | A Clergyman’s Daughter published (March) Down and Out in Paris and London published in France as La Vache Enragée |
Burmese Days published in England (June) (already published U.S.A) | |
Met Eileen O’Shaughnessy, age 30 | |
1936 | Investigating working class life, unemployment and poverty in Lancashire and Yorkshire at the suggestion of publisher Victor Gollancz (January-March) |
Moved to “The Stores”, Wallington, Hertfordshire (April) | |
Keep the Aspidistra Flying published (June) | |
Married Eileen O’Shaughnessy, Wallington parish church | |
Attended Independent Labour Party Summer School, Letchworth, Hertfordshire (July) | |
Left for Spain (December) | |
1937 | The Road to Wigan Pier published (March) |
Left Book Club edition of 40,000 copies | |
1938 | Homage to Catalonia published (April) |
[sold just some 400 copies in his lifetime] | |
Joined ILP (Independent Labour Party) (June) | |
Went to Morocco for health reasons (September) | |
1939 | Returned from Morocco to England (March) |
Coming Up for Air published (June) | |
1940 | Inside the Whale published (March) |
Moved to London. (May) | |
Wrote reviews for Time and Tide and Tribune | |
Volunteered for the Home Guard | |
1941 | The Lion and the Unicorn published (February) |
1941-1943 | Talks Producer, Empire Department, BBC, in charge of broadcasting to India and South East Asia |
1943-1946 | Literary Editor of Tribune |
1944 | Orwell and Eileen adopted one month old Richard Horatio Blair |
1945 | Started work on Nineteen Eighty-Four (under working title of Last Man in Europe) |
War correspondent for The Observer in Paris and Cologne (March-May) | |
Death of Eileen while under anaesthetic for operation (March) while Orwell in Paris | |
Covered the post-war election campaign (June-July) | |
Animal Farm published (August) | |
1946 | Critical Essays published (February) |
Moved to Barnhill, Isle of Jura (May) | |
Admitted Hairmyres Hospital, near Glasgow, on Christmas Eve with TB | |
1947 | Surrendered the tenancy of “The Stores” cottage in Wallington. |
1948 | Returned from hospital to Jura (July). Completed his revision of Nineteen Eighty-Four by December |
1949 | Entered Cotswolds Sanatorium, Cranham, Gloucestershire (January) |
Nineteen Eighty-Four published (June). Over 400,000 copies sold in first year | |
Transferred from Cranham to University College Hospital (UCH), London (September) | |
Married Sonia Brownell, editorial assistant with Horizon, in UCH (October) | |
1950 | January 21 Died in hospital, of TB |